Toughened Glass, Tempered Glass and Safety Glass Industry: Global Demand for Toughened Glass will continue to Increase – An Investment Opportunity Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics, Production Schedule, Working Capital Requirement, Plant Layout, Process Flow Sheet, Cost of Project, Projected Balance Sheets, Profitability Ratios, Break Even Analysis

 

Glass making, one of the oldest of industries, has had a fascination for man throughout the ages. The transmutation of common sand and earth into a gem- like, rigid, transparent material has all the romance of alchemy. Today, by far the greater volume of glass is made by fully automatic means, and a visit to a modern bottle factory, the glass technologist is the alchemist behind the scenes who must daily exercise his art, assisted by science, to ensure that the machines are capable of functioning properly.

Glass truly has become symbolic of communication and openness in architecture today. Combining technological advantages with glass, designers have plunged forward to experiment with its various facets.

Toughened or tempered glass is a type of safety glass processed by controlled thermal or chemical treatments to increase its strength compared with normal glass. Tempering puts the outer surfaces into compression and the inner surfaces into tension. Such stresses cause the glass, when broken, to crumble into small granular chunks instead of splintering into jagged shards as plate glass (aka: annealed glass) creates. The granular chunks are less likely to cause injury. The product is employed in numerous applications including shower doors, passenger vehicle windows, refrigerator trays, architectural doors and tables, a component in the manufacturing of bullet proof products, mobile screen protectors, cookware and diving masks on account of superior properties including high strength and safety features.

Toughened Glass has to pass the following important tests:

• Transfer strength test on sheets on simply supplied (Modules of rupture and electricity)
• Impact test: By following weight on sheets supported on two wooden battens
• Impact by falling weight on sheet evenly bedded (on putty)
• Impact by falling weight on edge of sheet
• Repeated twisting tests
• Sand blast abrasion
• Thermal tests

Because of the strength and other specific physical properties mentioned above, itfinds applications in the following fields:

• Automobile: Cars, trucks,
• dustry buses, tempos etc.
• Railways: Coaches
• Defence: Fleets, vehicles factory
• Commercial: Hotels, shops, complex
• Air ports: Doors

In recent years, several changes in legislation and standards have made the use of safety glass in critical locations compulsory by law. Apart from the obvious uses of toughened glass in windows, doors and conservatories, etc., it is widely utilised in squash and handball courts, canopies and roofs, cabinets, table tops, balustrades for stairways and balconies and entrance door assemblies.

Properties

Toughened glass is physically and thermally stronger than regular glass. The greater contraction of the inner layer during manufacturing induces compressive stresses in the surface of the glass balanced by tensile stresses in the body of the glass. For glass to be considered toughened, this compressive stress on the surface of the glass should be a minimum of 69 megapascals (10,000 psi). For it to be considered safety glass, the surface compressive stress should exceed 100 megapascals (15,000 psi). The greater the surface stress, the smaller the glass particles will be when broken.

Market Potential

The glass industry comprises five main sectors covering different glass products, applications and markets. These sectors are very different, whether in terms of manufacturing process, products, markets, the economics of the sectors or manufacturers, but they all transform raw materials into glass by a process of melting. More than 90 per cent of glass industry products are sold to other industries. Glass manufacturing is thus significantly dependent on the building construction sector, car manufacturing and the food and beverage industry. However, there are also smaller volume sectors that produce high-value technical or consumer products.

With increased transportation facilities the demand of the product is increasing at a steady pace especially in the automobile industry, railways, ships building both for production and replacement. Local market and advertisement has become very essential for the success of any business activity. As such it is found to have scope for starting new small scale units for the manufacture of Toughened glass to meet the growing demand.

The market for toughened glass is currently growing at 15% per annum. The construction boom and increasing safety standards will see the demand for toughened glass continue to increase. Within the industry, the double glazing and toughened glass markets are relatively low growth markets, with stable shares and profit margins. The potential growth markets are seen as coming in diversified areas such as kiosks, shower units and refrigeration case manufacturing.

Global Toughened or tempered glass market is expected to reach USD 54.31 billion by 2022.

 

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