India is a major rice producing country, and the husk generated during milling is mostly used as a fuel in the boilers for processing paddy, producing energy through direct combustion and / or by gasification. This RHA is a great environment threat causing damage to the land and the surrounding area in which it is dumped. Lots of ways are being thought of for disposing them by making commercial use of this RHA. Rice husk is an agriculture residue abundantly available in rice producing countries. Global production of rice is approximately 580 million tons a year, and this is rising as the world population and the consumption of rice increases. Rice husk is generally not recommended as cattle feed since its cellulose and other sugar contents are low. Furfural and rice bran oil are extracted from rice husk. Industries use rice husk as fuel in boiler and for power generation. Among the different types of biomass used for power generation, rice husk has a high ash content varying from 18 – 20%, silica is the major constituent of rice husk ash.
There is a growing demand for fine amorphous silica in the production of special cement and concrete mixes, high performance concrete, high strength for use in bridges, marine environments, nuclear power plants etc. Rice husk a major by-product of the rice milling industry, is one of the most commonly available lignocellulosic materials that can be converted to different types of fuels and chemical feed stock through a variety of thermo chemical conversion processes.Rice husk ash (RHA) is a by-product from the burning of rice husk that can have favorable effects on the soil in terms of acidity correction. The burning of rice husk for power generation in industries has generated a new residue consisting of a mixture of ash, charred hull and fresh rice husk fractions.
Rice husk is a potential material; there are many usage of rice husk either in the raw form or in ash form. Most of the time husk from the mill is either burnt or dumped as waste in open fields and a small amount is used as fuel for boilers, electricity generation, bulking agents for composting of animal manure, etc.
Rice farming is the largest single use of land for producing food.Rice provides a staple nutriment that makes the basis of the traditional diet of a large proportion of the human population. It is the source of one quarter of global per capita energy. Especially throughout Asia, rice is synonymous with food, making it the most consumed cereal grain. This agricultural product is also the most important food grain in most of the tropical areas of Latin America and the Caribbean, where it supplies more calories in people’s diets than wheat, maize, cassava, or potato. Rice milling is the process of removing the husk and the bran layer to produce the edible portion for consumption. Rice milling process embraces two basic phases. Firstly the husk is removed to produce brown rice by the operation called dehusking or dehulling. The other 5 phase is the removal of the bran layer from brown rice to produce polished or white rice; this is called polishing or whitening.
Here’s some Rice Husk, Rice Hull, Rice Husk Ash (Agricultural waste) based Projects for investment:
- Precipitated Silica from Rice Husk Ash
- Paper from Waste Paper, Bamboo Chips, Rice Husk & Wheat Husk
- Particle Board from Rice Husk
- Rice Bran Oil (Solvent Extraction)
- Captive Power Plant
- Sodium Silicate from Rice Husk/Hull
- Fuel Briquettes From Biomass (Bio Coal Briquettes From Agricultural Cellulosic Waste)
- Extraction Of Ultra Pure Silicon From Rice Husk Ash
- Activated Carbon From Saw Dust & Coconut Shell
Uses of Rice Husk
- Fuel
- Building material (Fibre boards)
- Ash and pure silica
- Production of furfural
- Cattle feed
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